MGT-101 Assignment no:2 2016

Q-1

The debit balance of bank statement as on 31st December 2014 was Rs. 10,000. Cheques of Rs. 3,000 sent to customers had been entered in depositor’s cash book but did not appear in bank statements on 31st December 2014.

Required: Calculate the balance as per cash book on 31st December 2014.

Balance As Per Bank Statement (Debit) Rs. 10,000

Add:  Un-Presented  Cheque                                Rs. 3,000
Balance As Per Cash BookRs.13,000

Q-2

The favorable balance of bank statement as on 31st December 2014 was Rs. 12,000. Cheques of Rs. 4,000 paid into the bank had been entered in depositor’s cash book but did not appear in bank statements on 31st December 2014.

Required: Calculate the balance as per cash book on 31st December 2014.

Balance As Per Bank Statement (Credit)            Rs. 12,000

Add: Un PresentedCheque                                               Rs.  4,000
Balance As Per Cash BookRs.16,000

Q-3

Balance as per cash book of a merchant as on 31st December 2014 was Rs. 20,000. Following causes of disagreement was discovered on receipt of bank statement.

1. A cheque of Rs. 500 issued but not yet presented for payment

2. Cheque of Rs. 545 sent to a customer has been recorded in cash book as Rs. 445.

Required: Calculate the balance as per bank statement on 31st December 2014.

Balance As Per Cash Book (Debit)Rs.20,000
Add: Un PresentedCheque                Rs.500
Add Cheque of Rs. 545 sent to a customer Rs.    100

hasbeen recorded in cash book as Rs. 445.

Balance As Per Bank Statement                     Rs. 20600

MGT-101 Assignment no:2 2016

Q-1

The debit balance of bank statement as on 31st December 2014 was Rs. 10,000. Cheques of Rs. 3,000 sent to customers had been entered in depositor’s cash book but did not appear in bank statements on 31st December 2014.
Required: Calculate the balance as per cash book on 31st December 2014.
Balance As Per Bank Statement (Debit) Rs. 10,000
Add: Un-Presented Cheque Rs. 3,000
Balance As Per Cash Book Rs. 13,000

Q-2
The favorable balance of bank statement as on 31st December 2014 was Rs. 12,000. Cheques of Rs. 4,000 paid into the bank had been entered in depositor’s cash book but did not appear in bank statements on 31st December 2014.
Required: Calculate the balance as per cash book on 31st December 2014.
Balance As Per Bank Statement (Credit) Rs. 12,000
Add: Un Presented Cheque Rs. 4,000
Balance As Per Cash Book Rs. 16,000

Q-3
Balance as per cash book of a merchant as on 31st December 2014 was Rs. 20,000. Following causes of disagreement was discovered on receipt of bank statement.
1. A cheque of Rs. 500 issued but not yet presented for payment
2. Cheque of Rs. 545 sent to a customer has been recorded in cash book as Rs. 445.
Required: Calculate the balance as per bank statement on 31st December 2014.
Balance As Per Cash Book (Debit) Rs. 20,000
Add: Un Presented Cheque Rs. 500
Add Cheque of Rs. 545 sent to a customer Rs. 100
has been recorded in cash book as Rs. 445.
Balance As Per Bank Statement Rs. 20600

ECO404 GDB-2 Due Date 26 Jan 2016

The first model of an imperfectly competitive industry that we shall investigate has conditions quite similar to those of perfect competition. The model of monopolistic competition assumes a large number of firms. It also assumes easy entry and exit. This model differs from the model of perfect competition in one key respect: it assumes that the goods and services produced by firms are differentiated. This differentiation may occur by virtue of advertising, convenience of location, product quality, reputation of the seller, or other factors. Product differentiation gives firms producing a particular product some degree of price-setting or monopoly power. However, because of the availability of close substitutes, the price-setting power of monopolistically competitive firms is quite limited. Monopolistic competition is a model characterized by many firms producing similar but differentiated products in a market with easy entry and exit.

Restaurants are a monopolistically competitive sector; in most areas there are many firms, each is different, and entry and exit are very easy. Each restaurant has many close substitutes—these may include other restaurants, fast-food outlets, and the deli and frozen-food sections at local supermarkets. Other industries that engage in monopolistic competition include retail stores, barber and beauty shops, auto-repair shops, service stations, banks, and law and accounting firms.

Profit Maximization

Suppose a restaurant raises its prices slightly above those of similar restaurants with which it competes. Will it have any customers? Probably. Because the restaurant is different from other restaurants, some people will continue to patronize it. Within limits, then, the restaurant can set its own prices; it does not take the market prices as given. In fact, differentiated markets imply that the notion of a single “market price” is meaningless.

Because products in a monopolistically competitive industry are differentiated, firms face downward-sloping demand curves. Whenever a firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve, the graphical framework for monopoly can be used. In the short run, the model of monopolistic competition looks exactly like the model of monopoly. An important distinction between monopoly and monopolistic competition, however, emerges from the assumption of easy entry and exit. In monopolistic competition, entry will eliminate any economic profits in the long run. We begin with an analysis of the short run.

MTG111 GDB Solution 2016

1)    OVERBURDEN ON government institutions which they transfer to publicas more loans are advanced by international organizationswith high interest rate of return. Which also create hurdle for govt. to implement their public administrativepolicies in a prosperous direction.

2)    Financial assistance in the form of foreign loans creating burden for future. Taking huge amounts of loans slow the growth of economy, system become weak, conditional payments by international organizations, for example privatization of public sectors, taking high interest rates , subsidies decrease etc.

3)    We are taking high costly and huge financial assistance in the form of foreign loans but our payments with interestspending are becoming so huge that our country will have to suffer again to pay these liabilities so there is no assistant for Pakistan's developmentin this taking loan policy with international organizations. 

4)    Inflation also occurs due to this loan taking policy in country.

5)    No proper policies has been issued in the payments regard that how to cope up with these huge pending payments to international organizations without facing economical instability in our country.

HRM617 GDB Solution

Kirkpatrick's Four-Level Training Evaluation Model is popular and widely used, there are a number of considerations that need to be taken into account when using the model.

One issue is that it can be time-consuming and expensive to use levels 3 or 4 of the model, so it's not practical for all organizations and situations. This is especially the case for organizations that don't have a dedicated training or human resource department, or for one-off training sessions or programs.

In a similar way, it can be expensive and resource intensive to "wire up an organization" to collect data with the sole purpose of evaluating training at levels 3 and 4. (Whether or not this is practical depends on the systems already in place within the organization.)

The model also assumes that each level's importance is greater than the last level, and that all levels are linked. For instance, it implies that Reaction is less important, ultimately, than Results, and that reactions must be positive for learning to take place. In practice, this may not be the case.

Most importantly, organizations change in many ways, and behaviors and results change depending on these, as well as on training. For example, measurable improvements in areas like retention and productivity could result from the arrival of a new boss or from a new computer system, rather than from training.

Kirkpatrick's model is great for trying to evaluate training in a "scientific" way, however, so many variables can be changing in fast-changing organizations that analysis at level 4 can be limited in usefulness.

MTH302 GDB Solution 2016

1. Compute the Mean, Median and Mode by using the data given below and compare their results. What is the appropriate measure of central tendency for this data?

                    X =  31   42   28   45   31   42   26   56   33   42

Solution=

Mean=

X=

X=

37.6

Median= Arrange the data set.

26,28,31,31,33,42,42,42,45,56

37.5

Mode=

The most repeated word is 42

2. Calculate the median, lower quartile and upper quartile of the following data set of scores:

18     20     23     20     23     27     24     23     29

Solution=
Arrange the values in ascending order of magnitude:

There are 9 value in the data set.

N=9

Now Median=  the value

=5

5^th value of data set

23

Lower Quartile=  the value

2.5 the value

 (Average the 2^nd and 3^rd value of date set)

20

Upper Quartile =  the value

7.5 the value

 (Average the 7^th and 8^th value of data set)

25.5

Interquartile range=Upper quartile –Lower quartile

25.5 – 20

5.5

This mean is middle 50% of data value range from 20 to 25.5 

MTH202 GDB Solution 2016

Solution:-

Part a:

The chief executive officer (CEO) can be elected in 15 different ways, following this general manager (GM)) can be elected in 15 different ways, and also head of department (HOD) can be elected in 15 different ways.

Thus by product rule, there are

                        n=15 x 14 x 13 = 2730

Part b:

A panel of three members

                        n=15 x 14 x 13 x 12!/(15-3)! 3!

                          =15 x 14 x 13 x 12!/12! 3!

                          =15 x 14 x 13/3 x 2 x 1

                          =5x 7 x 13

                          =455

MGT 411 gdb solution 2016

·       There are 2 theories to explain the relation between inflation and economy.

o   Demand-pull theory:

o    

§  Lesser Interest rates will attract lesser savings. So, people tend to spend more when the interest rates are less. Thus creating more demand for goods and services.

§  Lesser Interest rates will encourage people to borrow more money/ So, again people tend to spend more borrowed money when the interest rates are less. Thus creating more demand for goods and services.

§  When supply of goods and services is less than the demand, prices go up. This also results in inflation.

o   Cost-push theory:

o    

§  When the cost of the raw materials and inputs increases, the cost of end products also increases. This rise in cost of goods and services pushes the price higher resulting in higher price.

In a healthy economy, Inflation and Interest rates move hand in hand as shown in graph below and are mutually dependent on each other.

·       Like we discussed in demand-pull theory, Lower interest rates put more borrowing power in the hands of consumers. And when consumers spend more, the economy grows, naturally creating inflation.

·       If the central bank decides that the economy is growing too fast (which is a bad sign in the long term) using indexes like consumer price index (CPI), wholesale price index (WPI), They will try to minimize the effect of it by increasing the interest rates and vice versa.

·       This rising interest rates in turn will encourage people to save more and borrow less thus reducing the amount of money in circulation in the market. Lesser money in the market makes it difficult to buy the goods and services thus slowing down the rise in price.

·       In short, A stable economy is a healthy economy with right wages and less unemployment.

 Relationship:
 In general, as interest rates are lowered, more people are able  to borrow more money. The result is that consumers have more money to  spend, causing the economy to grow and inflation to increase. The  opposite holds true for rising interest rates. As interest rates are increased, consumers tend to have less money to spend. With less spending, the economy slows and inflation decreases. 

MGT 301 GDB 2016

advantages branded food provides to its customers as

compared to locally working fast food chains,

1 .Quality food products.

2. Excellent Environment as compare to locally food point

3. Satisfied the Quality conscious customer who just prefer the taste and health not money

4.Provide Better customer services.

5.Give value to the customer.

6.more cleanness and fresh foods as compare to the local foods

7. Play land for babies

Pak301 Assignment solution 2016

ANSWER :

• How the campaign for the demand of Pakistan was progressed under Quaid e Azam? Justify your answer with any five points.

Answer: Quaid e Azam was one of greatest leader in the history of indo-pak Subcontinent who changes the history of the Subcontinent. Quaid e Azam was proved a history making personality. Quaid e Azam fought for the freedom of the Muslims. After the long struggle of Quaid and his companion, they successfully achieved their goal. To achieve the goal (Pakistan), Quaid violate the spirit of patriotism. In the leadership of Quaid the campaign for the demand of Pakistan was gradually progress. How this campaign progress, the points are following.
1. After joining the Muslim League in March 1916, Quaid e Azam start working for the Muslims right. He demand for the one third seat for Muslims, constitutional Reforms in NWFP, separatism of Sind from Bombay and many other from British government. Quaid e Azam knew if these demand were accepted, they will give up separate electorate. This kind of demand were enough to told the British government that Muslims are a separate nation and they have equal right as Hindus have.
2. In 1928, Congress called All Parties Conference for the constitutional proposal for the Indian Constitution. They appointed 10 members in May 1928 under the Chairmanship of Motilal Nehru and Secretary ship of Jawaharlal Nehru. Their recommendation that threatened Muslims interest are:
• No separate electorate 
• No one third seat
• No reservation of seat for Muslims
This kind of congress proposal hurts Quaid and Muslims. This is the very moment 
Jinnah remarked “it is parting of the ways” He presented the famous 14 point as a 
Muslims and some of the points are following:
• Federal system with residuary power
• Provincial autonomy 
• Separate electorate for Muslims
• One third seats for Muslims
• Muslims representation in govt. jobs
And many more
3. In 1930, 1931 and 1932 Roundtable Conferences were held. In 1st conference,
Many prominent Muslims like M.A.jinnah, Sir Shafi, Maulana M.A Jauhar, 
Zufarullah Khan participated. They emphasized federalism, self government,
Safeguard for minorities, separate electorate and etc. 
In 2nd Roundtable Conference Iqbal, Jinnah and other Muslim leader were
Participated. Gandhi represented the congress. The key issues of the session were 
“Federation” and “Minorities”.
In 3rd Roundtable conference, no one can participate. But during these conferences,
Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the communal Awards:
• Separate electorate for all minorities 
• Weightage to minorities 
• No Muslim majority in Punjab and Bengal as was followed in Lucknow pact.
• One third representation for Muslims in central legislature.
• One fourth representation for Muslims in service
• Sind to be made a Province
One this communal Award congress expressed strong reaction but these communal 
Award show the success of the Quaid e Azam’s 14 point

4. After the election in 1937, congress ministries were established. They launched anti- Muslim drive basically to exclude the ML and the other Muslims organizations from the government making process. Quaid e Azam was aware about that kind of situation, so he appointed many Muslim leaders to kept eyes of Congress agenda. Quaid just wanted show the people who vote the congress leader, what they were going to do with them. Quaid and his party played an affective role of the opposition. They shed a sharp criticism on the congress policies. They created realization, amongst the Muslims, of what can happen under the congress rule and urged for serious thinking about the future political and constitutional arrangement. They unearthed the real objective of the congress and urged the need of unity among the Muslims under the banner of Muslim 
League. 

5. Lahore Resolution was very important event in the history of Pakistan. The Lahore Resolution was moved by MaulaviFazlulHaq and seconded by Ch. Khaliquzzaman that finally approved on March 24, 1940. Jinnah rightly expressed his valuable remarks about the political circumstances of India and the Muslims stand. He said 
“Indian problem is not communal but international. No 
Constitution can work without recognizing this reality 
Muslims of India will not accept a constitution that 
Establishes a government of the Hindu majority on 
Them. If Hindu and Muslims are placed under one
Democratic system, this would mean Hindu Raj”
This Resolution set the destination and goal for the Muslims of the subcontinent. Then the Muslims start struggle more courageously and strongly. Quaid led them on path where their futures were safe and sound. They can live according their demand

• Why the First Basic Principals Committee Report (1950) became so controversial? Explain your answer with at least five points. 

Answer: Constitution is the basic document in the handling of domestic affairs. Its sets out the framework for governance and exercise of power. It gives guiding lines of relationships among the federating units. Law making is always within its limits. 
The Basic principles Committee (BPC) was formed which consist of 24 members to make the constitutional power. BPC announced his 1st Report in 1950 which became controversial. The issues which made this report controversial are following:
1. National Language …. Many people criticized on it because in BPC report , no mention of the national language
2. Religious people belong to other religions criticize because their objective was, the report contain nothing but Islamisation. . 
3. On the question of representation, the East Pakistan (EP) protested that their majority had been denied by the report. They remarked that they were thrown into a permanent minority. Because the population of EP was slightly larger than West Pakistan but it was treated as the small province. 
4. The politician particularly from the Punjab deplored the repot because of the Upper house (UP) on the basis of representation was not acceptable
5. The political leader also criticized on the Presidents right that he was not answerable to anyone, might be Muslim or non Muslim, would be assist by the Prime Minister .

MGT 201 Gdb # 2 (21 Jan 2016 - 25 Jan 2016)

MGT201

Solution:

A description of an investor who, when faced with two investments with a similar expected return (but different risks), will prefer the one with the lower risk.

A lower volatility means that a security's value does not fluctuate dramatically, but changes in value at a steady pace over a period of time. One measure of the relative volatility of a particular stock to the market is its beta.

Beta is a measure of the volatility, or systematic risk... A beta of greater than 1 indicates that the security's price will be more volatile than the market. For example, if a stock's beta is 1.2, it's theoretically 20% more volatile than the market.

A measure of a security's or portfolio's volatility. A beta of 1 means that the security or portfolio is neither more nor less volatile or risky than the wider market. A beta of more than 1 indicates greater volatility and a beta of less than 1 indicates less. Beta is an important component of the Capital Asset Pricing Model, which attempts to use volatility and risk to estimate expected returns.

Under the same market conditions, however, a stock with a beta of 1.5 would move 3% (2% increase x 1.5 beta = 0.03, or 3%). But a stock with a beta lower than 1 would be expected to be more stable in price and move less. Betas as low as 0.5 and as high as 4 are fairly common, depending on the sector and size of the company.

7th Convocation 2016

Virtual University of Pakistan intends to hold its 7th Convocation in six cities i.e. Karachi, Islamabad, Lahore, Multan, Faisalabad and Sialkot. In this regard, graduating students of Fall 2014 and Spring 2015 semesters who wish to participate must register themselves latest by Friday, January 29, 2016.  Please note the following:  Graduates must register by visiting the following link:  /convocation/ Participating graduates may specify one accompanied guest i.e. parent/guardian during registration. Students who have completed their degree requirements in Fall 2014 and Spring 2015 are eligible to participate. For any further information, please contact us: Phone: 042-99204760, 042-99203899 Email: convocation@vu.edu.pk

Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Virtual University of Pakistan

Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Virtual University of Pakistan (VU) and University of Education (UE) for research, development, innovation and joint education. Dr. Masroor Ellahi Babar, Registrar VU, and Manzoom Akhter, Registrar UE signed the MoU in a ceremony held today at University of Education, Township Campus, Lahore.

The MoU envisages collaboration between the two institutions in academics, research and human and infrastructural resources. Apart from the teacher education through virtual modes, this linkage provides collaboration options such as utilization of e-learning concepts for instructional design and curriculum development. Virtual University will also provide its Learning Management System, Examination System and International Quality Academic Contents to UE. Students of University of Education would get quality education by the provided modern means of communication.

On this occasion, Dr. Naveed A Malik, Rector VU, said that the Virtual University has always been working on judicious and economic use of resources in the greater national interest through innovative use of technology. Prof. Rauf-e-Azam, Vice Chancellor University of Education, admired the Virtual University being leaders in education technology and stated that MoU would be mutually beneficial in promoting higher quality education in the country.

VU ALL PAST PAPERS

MID TERM PAST PAPERS 

FINAL TERM PAST PAPERS

MID TERM PAST PAPERS (ALL IN ONE)

FINAL TERM PAPERS (ALL IN ONE)

How to Calculate Your CGPA

How to Calculate Your CGPA

CGPA stands for cumulative grade point average. The CGPA is a figure that reflects the grade point average for all classes you have taken and for classes for which you have received credit by means such as testing at your school/College/University. School/College/university policies vary in the way they evaluate credit for courses transferred to your current school from another. Your school's registrar will have information about your school's policy. To calculate your CGPA you need to know the total number of grade points you have earned and the total number of credit hours you have attempted.

Instructions

Step#1 Determine the total number of credit hours you have attempted. For example, after two semesters you might have attempted 24 credit hours. This figure can be found on an official transcript from your school.

Step#2 Determine the total number of grade points you have earned. For example, you might have earned 72 grade points in two semesters. As with the number of credit hours attempted, this figure can be found on your school transcript.

Step#3  Enter the number of grade points earned and credit hours attempted into the CGPA formula: Grade points earned divided by credit hours attempted equals cumulative grade point average. Using the example figures, this would be: 72 grade points earned divided by 24 credit hours attempted equals cumulative grade point average.

Step#4  Apply the CGPA formula using the figures you have entered to calculate your CGPA. With the example figures, the CGPA is 3.0.

How to calculate your CGPA click here Download Calculator
CGPA_calculator.xls

How to Calculate CGPA?

CGPA stands for cumulative grade point average. The CGPA is a figure that reflects the grade point average for all classes you have taken and for classes for which you have received credit by means such as testing at your school/College/University. School/College/university policies vary in the way they evaluate credit for courses transferred to your current school from another. Your university's registrar will have information about your university's policy. To calculate your CGPA you need to know the total number of grade points you have earned and the total number of credit hours you have attempted.The virtual university CGPA also follows the same pattern of calculation. Follow the below mentioned steps to calculate the CGPA:   Step 1. Determine the total number of credit hours you have attempted. For example, after two semesters you might have attempted 24 credit hours. This figure can be found on an official transcript from your school. Step 2. Determine the total number of grade points you have earned. For example, you might have earned 72 grade points in two semesters. As with the number of credit hours attempted, this figure can be found on your school transcript. Step 3. Enter the number of grade points earned and credit hours attempted into the CGPA formula: Grade points earned divided by credit hours attempted equals cumulative grade point average. Using the example figures, this would be: 72 grade points earned divided by 24 credit hours attempted equals cumulative grade point average. Step 4. Apply the CGPA formula using the figures you have entered to calculate your CGPA. With the example figures, the CGPA is 3.0. Remember :  The CGPA calculation tool provided here was designed to help you forecast your average and plan its progress. Calculations are strictly for information purposes. The responsibility for obtaining satisfactory grades in each of your courses and thus maintaining the required GPA is entirely yours. We encourage you to also use this tool to determine your eligibility for scholarships and bursaries and for graduate programs, or to chart a course for achieving your personal goals. Here we have the formula as well: CGPA=SUMMATION (summation) (OF NUMBER OF CREDITS OF THE ith course of the nth semester and grade points of the ith course of the nth semester) /summation (summation) number of credits of the ith course of the n th semester What is GPA? GPA is the ratio of the sum of the products of the number of credits of courses registered and the grade points corresponding to the grades scored in those courses, taken for all the courses, to the sum of the number of credits of all the courses in the semester. GPA calculator: CGPA calculator: CGPA will be calculated in a similar manner, considering all the courses enrolled from first semester Restriction: The CGPA does not form part of the student record for the Faculty of Medicine and most graduate studies programs.